I’m not a big one for categorizing spiritual gifts.
1) Scripture does not categorize them.
2) Categorizing could merely be based on one’s beliefs about spiritual gifts.
3) Categorizing them could put spiritual gifts into neat little boxes whereas God might use them in a much more diverse way.
1 Peter 4:10-11 comes the closest to categorizing spiritual gifts but even then I would be careful because all the gifts do not fit neatly into these two categories — that of speaking and that of serving.
Each of you should use whatever gift you have received to serve others, as faithful stewards of God’s grace in its various forms. If anyone speaks, they should do so as one who speaks the very words of God. If anyone serves, they should do so with the strength God provides, so that in all things God may be praised through Jesus Christ. To him be the glory and the power for ever and ever. Amen.
The essence of this passage isn’t so much to categorize gifts but to say that whether your gifts have you speaking or doing something, you are to make it all about God … His word … His strength … for His glory.
Consequently, I can see the possibility of grouping spiritual gifts together into categories based on the function of spiritual gifts, or the practical side of how the gifts help the Church be and do what God wants. But, even in doing this, we must still remember that these are man-made categories that we must hold loosely.
Click on the links below to learn more about those types of spiritual gifts.
communication/speaking types of gifts: exhortation, prophecy, teaching (due to how much communication is used)
serving types of gifts: giving, helps, hospitality, mercy, service (due to how much hands-on ministry is involved)
leading types of gifts: administration, leadership, pastor (due to how much oversight they provide)
outreach types of gifts: apostle, evangelism, tongues, missionary (due to how much they advance the Gospel)
spiritual insight types of gifts: discernment, knowledge, wisdom (due to how much they help prevent or deal with issues or problems)
intercessory types of gifts: faith, healings, miracles (due to how much prayer is involved)
In this type of grouping we are merely acknowledging that God provides the spiritual gifts needed to accomplish different types of ministry.
There are different kinds of gifts, but the same Spirit distributes them. There are different kinds of service, but the same Lord. There are different kinds of working, but in all of them and in everyone it is the same God at work. Now to each one the manifestation of the Spirit is given for the common good. (1 Cor. 12:4-7)
Get more help understanding how the various spiritual gifts might be used in the Ministry Handbook: Spiritual Gifts in Use so you can recruit for different ministries based on gifting. This resource includes the above content.